The cooling tower, exposed to outdoor environments for extended periods, experiences significant accumulation of debris and dirt due to the powerful suction of its fans. Over time, these impurities gradually reduce the cooling efficiency of the tower, leading to blockage of water distribution nozzles and facilitating the intrusion of debris and dirt into the cooling water system, thereby severely affecting the system's normal refrigeration function. Therefore, regular cleaning of the cooling tower is crucial.
This option involves four stages: bactericidal and algaecidal cleaning, descaling cleaning, pre-coating, and post-cleaning cleanup. The entire cleaning process requires shutdown and takes approximately 8 days, achieving a descaling rate of over 95%.
1. Water Rinse: High-flow rinsing at a velocity greater than 0.15m/s effectively removes loose dirt, sand, algae, and corrosion products from the system, while also checking for leaks.
2. Bactericidal and Algaecidal Cleaning: Injection of bactericidal and algaecidal agents to kill microorganisms within the system and promote the detachment and removal of biological deposits from equipment surfaces. The cleaning process stops when the system turbidity stabilizes.
3. Descaling Cleaning: Addition of cleaning agents to dissolve scale and oxides, which are then flushed out with water. The cleaning solution is circulated by a pump, and air vents are opened at the highest point while drains are opened at the lowest point to prevent airlocks and drain blockages. Cleaning progress is monitored by checking cleaning solution concentration, metal ion concentration, temperature, pH, etc. The cleaning process ends when the metal ion concentration stabilizes.
4. Post-Cleaning Rinsing: Further rinsing to remove residual cleaning solution and dislodged impurities, continuously opening air vents to remove deposits within short pipes. pH and turbidity are continuously monitored, and rinsing stops when both stabilize.
5. Pre-coating: Formation of a complete and corrosion-resistant protective film on cleaned metal surfaces or damaged protective films.
6. Post-Cleaning Cleanup: Deep cleaning of the cooler evaporator, using specialized tube cleaners to flush out scale deposits, and, if necessary, separate cleaning of the cooler with an open-loop system.
Option 2: Non-stop Neutral Cleaning
This option can be performed while the unit is operating normally, with a cleaning cycle of approximately 30 days. After cleaning, maintenance agents are added, and the entire process does not affect the operation of the unit.
Neutral Cleaning Agent Characteristics:
1. Non-corrosive: Does not change the water pH value or corrode metals after being added to the central air conditioning water system, effectively eliminating the corrosion risks associated with traditional acidic cleaning agents, ensuring corrosion-free cleaning.
2. Efficient Cleaning: Significantly removes various types of scale, insoluble sulfates, and algal biofilms, with a descaling rate exceeding 95%, restoring equipment performance and maintaining clean operation.
3. Simple Operation: Simply add the neutral cleaning agent to the central air conditioning system during normal operation, drain it out after approximately 30 days of operation to thoroughly remove various types of scale from the water system.
Neutral Cleaning Principle: Based on the coordination chemistry theory, the d orbitals of metal ions undergo energy level splitting under the action of specific ligand compounds' electrostatic fields. When the ligand provides lone pairs of electrons to form O-bonds with metal elements and the ligand has vacant π molecular orbitals or suitable symmetrical empty p and d molecular orbitals, the lone pairs of electrons on the metal d orbitals can form feedback π bonds with the ligand, generating stable coordination compounds. Compounds capable of causing Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ d orbital energy level splitting and possessing π molecular orbitals are selected as π-accepting ligands. When they interact with calcium and magnesium scale, they disrupt scale molecular structures, causing them to dissolve in water and be discharged via sewage.
Maintenance: After cleaning, apply chemical maintenance to the cooling water and refrigerant water systems. Add corrosion inhibitors to the refrigerant water system to form stable chelates with iron, copper, zinc, and other metal ions, preventing corrosion caused by oxygen and metal ions, while also preventing scale formation by chelation, inhibition, and lattice distortion.
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